竇房結動脈

竇房結動脈
竇房結動脈
	窦房结及其周围的窦房结动脉（图像管腔内）的低倍显微照片。苏木精-伊红染色。
	动脉：; RCA = 右冠状动脉; AB = 心房支; SANB = 窦房结动脉; RMA = 右缘支; LCA = 左冠状动脉; CB = 回旋支; LAD/AIB = 前室间支; LMA = 左缘支; PIA/PDA = 后室间支; AVN = 房室结支; ; 静脉：; SCV = 心小静脉; ACV = 心前静脉; AIV/GCV = 心大静脉; MCV = 心中静脉; CS = 冠状窦
标识字符
TA98	A12.2.03.104
TA2	4133
FMA	FMA:3823
	《解剖學術語》 [在维基数据上编辑]

竇房結動脈（英語：Sinoatrial nodal artery，简称SANa）又称窦房结支，是负责心脏窦房结血液供应的重要动脉。该动脉常起源于右冠状动脉^[1]，走行于右心房与上腔静脉的开口之间^[2]。

解剖

起源分布

约60%人群的窦房结动脉源自右冠状动脉，40%起源于左回旋支^[1]。极少数个案（<1%）存在直接从冠状窦、降主动脉或右冠状动脉远端异常起源的现象。值得注意的是，其起源与冠状动脉优势型无关，这一点与血供受优势型影响的房室结支形成了鲜明对比。

走行

在超过50%的人中，该动脉都紧贴房间隔的后上部走行^[3]。

窦房结组织包绕着窦房结动脉，其中70%的人动脉居于窦房结区中央，其余则呈偏心向走行^[4]。

变异

约10%的心脏存在一种特殊变异——S型窦房结动脉。该变异动脉起源于左回旋支近端，管径较常规更为粗大，除供应了左心房大部分区域外，还跨区域供应了窦房结及房室结等右心结构^[5]。其走行路径位于左上肺静脉与左心耳之间的沟内，这一特点使得窦房结动脉在房颤导管消融术或心脏开胸手术等左心房操作过程中易受损，具有重要的临床意义。

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Pejković, B; Krajnc, I; Anderhuber, F; Košutić, D. Anatomical Aspects of the Arterial Blood Supply to the Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Nodes of the Human Heart. Journal of International Medical Research. 2008-07-01, 36 (4) [2025-11-24]. ISSN 0300-0605. doi:10.1177/147323000803600410 （英语）.
^ The big picture : gross anatomy | WorldCat.org. search.worldcat.org. [2025-11-24] （英语）.
^ Click, Roger L.; Holmes, David R.; Vlietstra, Ronald E.; Kosinski, Andrzej S.; Kronmal, Richard A.; The participants of the coronary artery surgery study (CASS). Anomalous coronary arteries: location, degree of atherosclerosis and effect on survival—a report from the coronary artery surgery study. JACC. 1989-03, 13 (3) [2025-11-24]. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(89)90588-3.
^ Sánchez-Quintana, D.; Anderson, R. H.; Cabrera, J. A.; Climent, V.; Martin, R.; Farré, J.; Ho, S. Y. The terminal crest: morphological features relevant to electrophysiology. Heart. 2002-10-01, 88 (4) [2025-11-24]. ISSN 1355-6037. PMC 1767383 . PMID 12231604. doi:10.1136/heart.88.4.406 （英语）.
^ Saremi, Farhood; Channual, Stephanie; Abolhoda, Amir; Gurudevan, Swaminatha V.; Narula, Jagat; Milliken, Jeffrey C. MDCT of the S-Shaped Sinoatrial Node Artery. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2008-06, 190 (6) [2025-11-24]. ISSN 0361-803X. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3127.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Pejković, B; Krajnc, I; Anderhuber, F; Košutić, D. Anatomical Aspects of the Arterial Blood Supply to the Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Nodes of the Human Heart. Journal of International Medical Research. 2008-07-01, 36 (4) [2025-11-24]. ISSN 0300-0605. doi:10.1177/147323000803600410 （英语）.

[2] The big picture : gross anatomy | WorldCat.org. search.worldcat.org. [2025-11-24] （英语）.

[3] Click, Roger L.; Holmes, David R.; Vlietstra, Ronald E.; Kosinski, Andrzej S.; Kronmal, Richard A.; The participants of the coronary artery surgery study (CASS). Anomalous coronary arteries: location, degree of atherosclerosis and effect on survival—a report from the coronary artery surgery study. JACC. 1989-03, 13 (3) [2025-11-24]. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(89)90588-3.

[4] Sánchez-Quintana, D.; Anderson, R. H.; Cabrera, J. A.; Climent, V.; Martin, R.; Farré, J.; Ho, S. Y. The terminal crest: morphological features relevant to electrophysiology. Heart. 2002-10-01, 88 (4) [2025-11-24]. ISSN 1355-6037. PMC 1767383 . PMID 12231604. doi:10.1136/heart.88.4.406 （英语）.

[5] Saremi, Farhood; Channual, Stephanie; Abolhoda, Amir; Gurudevan, Swaminatha V.; Narula, Jagat; Milliken, Jeffrey C. MDCT of the S-Shaped Sinoatrial Node Artery. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2008-06, 190 (6) [2025-11-24]. ISSN 0361-803X. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3127.

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