認主獨一與聖戰組織
認主獨一與聖戰組織是一個聖戰薩拉菲主義組織。 [1]該組織於1999年在約旦成立，該組織自成立以來一直由約旦人阿布·穆薩布·扎卡維領導。[2]2004年10月17日，扎卡維宣誓效忠奧薩馬·本·拉登，同時改組為伊拉克蓋達組織。[3]
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Hashim, Ahmed S. From Al-Qaida Affiliate to the Rise of the Islamic Caliphate: The Evolution of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (PDF). S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (Nanyang Technological University). December 2014: 1–16 [3 August 2019].
- ^ Peter Grier, Faye Bowers. Iraq's bin Laden? Zarqawi's rise. Christian Science Monitor. 14 May 2004 [13 July 2007].
- ^ Abu Musab Al-Zarqawi, translated by Jeffrey Pool. Zarqawi's pledge of allegiance to al-Qaeda: From Mu'Asker Al-Battar, Issue 21. Jamestown (Jamestown Foundation). 18 October 2004 [16 September 2014].