褻瀆法

褻瀆法是一些國家制定的禁止褻瀆神或神聖事物的法律。 ^[1]^[2]^[3] 根據皮尤研究中心的調查，截至 2014年，全球約有四分之一（26%）的國家和地區制定了褻瀆法或相關的反褻瀆政策。 ^[4]在一些國家，褻瀆法被用來保護多數人或少數人的宗教信仰。 ^[5]^[6]^[7]

參考文獻

^ Miriam Díez Bosch and Jordi Sànchez Torrents. On blasphemy. Barcelona: Blanquerna Observatory on Media, Religion and Culture. 2015. ISBN 978-84-941193-3-0.
^ Blasphemy. Random House Dictionary. [12 January 2015]. （原始內容存檔於4 March 2016）. Quote: impious utterance or action concerning God or sacred things.; the crime of assuming to oneself the rights or qualities of God.
^ Blasphemy 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期23 September 2018. Merriam Webster (July 2013); 1. great disrespect shown to God or to something holy

2. irreverence toward something considered sacred or inviolable
^ Angelina E. Theodorou. Which countries still outlaw apostasy and blasphemy?. Pew Research Center. 29 July 2016 [7 June 2016]. （原始內容存檔於19 December 2019）.
^ Denmark still largely in support of 'blasphemy' law. IceNews. 2 October 2012 [17 May 2016]. （原始內容存檔於1 July 2016）（英語）. A recent survey has shown that Danish citizens still largely back the country's 'blasphemy' law. The law, which makes it illegal to "mock legal religions and faiths in Denmark", is supported by around 66 percent of Danish voters, according to a recent survey conducted by the liberal group CEPOS. Speaking about the report, religious expert Tim Jensen from the University of Southern Denmark said, "Danes may see the blasphemy law as helping integration because it promotes the acceptance of a multicultural and multi-faith society. But it can also be problematic if it reflects a belief that the feelings of religious people have a special status and require special protection," the Berlingske news agency reports.
^ Scolnicov, Anat. The Right to Religious Freedom in International Law: Between Group Rights and Individual Rights. Routledge. 18 October 2010: 261. ISBN 9781136907050 （English）. A different argument for the retention of the offence of blasphemy (and for its extension to the protection of all religions in the UK [the offence protected only the majority religion]) has been offered by Parekh: a majority religion does not need the protection offered by an offence of blasphemy, but minority religions do because of their vulnerability in the face of the majority.
^ Danes overwhelmingly support their own blasphemy law. The Copenhagen Post. 21 September 2012 [17 May 2016] （English）. Denmark's own blasphemy law makes it an offence to "mock legal religions and faiths in Denmark", and according to a study carried out on behalf of the liberal think-tank CEPOS, 66 percent of the 1,000 Danes questioned answered that the law should not be repealed.

[1] Miriam Díez Bosch and Jordi Sànchez Torrents. On blasphemy. Barcelona: Blanquerna Observatory on Media, Religion and Culture. 2015. ISBN 978-84-941193-3-0.

[2] Blasphemy. Random House Dictionary. [12 January 2015]. （原始內容存檔於4 March 2016）. Quote: impious utterance or action concerning God or sacred things.; the crime of assuming to oneself the rights or qualities of God.

[3] Blasphemy 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期23 September 2018. Merriam Webster (July 2013); 1. great disrespect shown to God or to something holy

2. irreverence toward something considered sacred or inviolable

[4] Angelina E. Theodorou. Which countries still outlaw apostasy and blasphemy?. Pew Research Center. 29 July 2016 [7 June 2016]. （原始內容存檔於19 December 2019）.

[IceNews-5] Denmark still largely in support of 'blasphemy' law. IceNews. 2 October 2012 [17 May 2016]. （原始內容存檔於1 July 2016）（英語）. A recent survey has shown that Danish citizens still largely back the country's 'blasphemy' law. The law, which makes it illegal to "mock legal religions and faiths in Denmark", is supported by around 66 percent of Danish voters, according to a recent survey conducted by the liberal group CEPOS. Speaking about the report, religious expert Tim Jensen from the University of Southern Denmark said, "Danes may see the blasphemy law as helping integration because it promotes the acceptance of a multicultural and multi-faith society. But it can also be problematic if it reflects a belief that the feelings of religious people have a special status and require special protection," the Berlingske news agency reports.

[Scolnicov2010-6] Scolnicov, Anat. The Right to Religious Freedom in International Law: Between Group Rights and Individual Rights. Routledge. 18 October 2010: 261. ISBN 9781136907050 （English）. A different argument for the retention of the offence of blasphemy (and for its extension to the protection of all religions in the UK [the offence protected only the majority religion]) has been offered by Parekh: a majority religion does not need the protection offered by an offence of blasphemy, but minority religions do because of their vulnerability in the face of the majority.

[The_Copenhagen_Post-7] Danes overwhelmingly support their own blasphemy law. The Copenhagen Post. 21 September 2012 [17 May 2016] （English）. Denmark's own blasphemy law makes it an offence to "mock legal religions and faiths in Denmark", and according to a study carried out on behalf of the liberal think-tank CEPOS, 66 percent of the 1,000 Danes questioned answered that the law should not be repealed.

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